{"id":5889,"date":"2026-04-23T08:07:36","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T06:07:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mojesebepoznani.cz\/?p=5889"},"modified":"2026-04-23T08:07:42","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T06:07:42","slug":"svetlo-a-tma-souperi-nebo-neoddelitelny-par","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/svetlo-a-tma-souperi-nebo-neoddelitelny-par\/","title":{"rendered":"Sv\u011btlo a tma: Soupe\u0159i, nebo neodd\u011bliteln\u00fd p\u00e1r?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Na prvn\u00ed pohled se zd\u00e1, \u017ee odpov\u011b\u010f je jednoduch\u00e1: sv\u011btlo v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed nad tmou. Sta\u010d\u00ed rozsv\u00edtit lampu v temn\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti a tma zmiz\u00ed. Fyzika n\u00e1m \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee tma nen\u00ed samostatn\u00e1 \u201es\u00edla\u201c, ale pouh\u00e1 nep\u0159\u00edtomnost sv\u011btla. V tomto smyslu tedy sv\u011btlo tmu skute\u010dn\u011b \u201erozpou\u0161t\u00ed\u201c. Jen\u017ee tento pohled je jen jednou vrstvou reality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“ Je lep\u0161\u00ed zap\u00e1lit sv\u00ed\u010dku, ne\u017e prokl\u00ednat tmu. „<\/p>Konfucius<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\t\t

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V\u00edce \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f<\/span><\/h4><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\"Ka\u017ed\u00fd\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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\t\t\n\t\tTam, kde bol\u00ed, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 cesta\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/i>\t\t\n\t\tPast dokonal\u00e9ho sv\u011bta: Pro\u010d lidstvo pot\u0159ebuje chyby v syst\u00e9mu?\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/i>\t\t\n\t\tM\u011bsto v bublin\u011b: P\u0159\u00edm\u011br o pr\u00e1ci se st\u00edny\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/i>\t\t\n\t\tMapa vnitrn\u00edho m\u011bsta: N\u00e1stroj pro sebepozn\u00e1n\u00ed\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/i>\t\t\n\t\tMetafory uzdravov\u00e1n\u00ed: Jak se m\u011bsto v osobn\u00ed bublin\u011b l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed ze sv\u00fdch st\u00edn\u016f\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e se na vztah sv\u011btla a tmy pod\u00edv\u00e1me hloub\u011bji \u2013 nejen optikou v\u011bdy, ale i filozofie, psychologie a lidsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti \u2013 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 se odhalovat jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a vyv\u00e1\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obraz. Sv\u011btlo a tma p\u0159est\u00e1vaj\u00ed b\u00fdt protivn\u00edky a sp\u00ed\u0161e se jev\u00ed jako dv\u011b str\u00e1nky t\u00e9\u017ee mince. Nejsou \u00fapln\u011b rovnocenn\u00ed soupe\u0159i. V b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m smyslu tma vlastn\u011b nen\u00ed \u201en\u011bco\u201c, co by aktivn\u011b p\u016fsobilo \u2014 je to sp\u00ed\u0161 nep\u0159\u00edtomnost sv\u011btla<\/strong>. Kdy\u017e rozsv\u00edt\u00edme sv\u00ed\u010dku v temn\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti, tma se nebr\u00e1n\u00ed\u2026 prost\u011b p\u0159irozen\u011b ustoup\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e se na to pod\u00edv\u00e1me hloub\u011bji, skoro a\u017e symbolicky, za\u010dne to b\u00fdt zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Sv\u011btlo m\u016f\u017eeme vn\u00edmat jako v\u011bdom\u00ed, pozn\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edtomnost. Tmu jako nev\u011bdom\u00ed, klid, potenci\u00e1l, nebo i tajemstv\u00ed. V tomhle pohledu tma nen\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edtel \u2014 je to prostor, ze kter\u00e9ho sv\u011btlo vznik\u00e1. Bez tmy bys sv\u011btlo vlastn\u011b ani nevn\u00edmal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed realita: asymetrick\u00fd vztah<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ve fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b je situace pom\u011brn\u011b jasn\u00e1. Sv\u011btlo je forma energie, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b elektromagnetick\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme vn\u00edmat zrakem. Tma je stav, kdy tato energie chyb\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • sv\u011btlo m\u016f\u017ee existovat samo o sob\u011b,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • tma existuje pouze jako jeho nep\u0159\u00edtomnost.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Z tohoto pohledu je vztah asymetrick\u00fd \u2013 sv\u011btlo m\u00e1 \u201eaktivn\u00ed roli\u201c, zat\u00edmco tma je pasivn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed a lidsk\u00e1 zku\u0161enost<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Jakmile ale vstoup\u00edme do oblasti lidsk\u00e9ho vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 se rovnov\u00e1ha vyrovn\u00e1vat. Bez tmy bychom sv\u011btlo v\u016fbec nedok\u00e1zali ocenit. Kontrast je z\u00e1kladn\u00edm principem na\u0161eho vid\u011bn\u00ed \u2013 i smyslov\u00e9ho pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Podobn\u011b jako ticho d\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl zvuku, d\u00e1v\u00e1 tma smysl sv\u011btlu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Tma nav\u00edc nen\u00ed jen \u201enedostatek\u201c. V lidsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti p\u0159edstavuje:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • prostor pro odpo\u010dinek,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • klid a regeneraci,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • hloubku a introspekci,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • nezn\u00e1mo, ze kter\u00e9ho vznik\u00e1 nov\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Symbolika: sv\u011btlo jako v\u011bdom\u00ed, tma jako potenci\u00e1l<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      V mnoha kultur\u00e1ch a filozofick\u00fdch tradic\u00edch je sv\u011btlo spojov\u00e1no s v\u011bdom\u00edm, pozn\u00e1n\u00edm a pravdou. Tma naopak s nev\u011bdom\u00edm, tajemstv\u00edm nebo vnit\u0159n\u00edm sv\u011btem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Tento vztah ale nen\u00ed nutn\u011b konfliktn\u00ed. Naopak:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • sv\u011btlo odhaluje, co bylo skryt\u00e9,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • tma umo\u017e\u0148uje vznik toho, co je\u0161t\u011b nebylo objeveno.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Bez tmy by nebylo co odhalovat. Bez sv\u011btla by nebylo jak to spat\u0159it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Rovnov\u00e1ha m\u00edsto boje<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Modern\u00ed pohled na sv\u011bt \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e v\u011bdeck\u00fd nebo filozofick\u00fd \u2013 se st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji odkl\u00e1n\u00ed od jednoduch\u00e9ho d\u011blen\u00ed na \u201edobr\u00e9 sv\u011btlo\u201c a \u201e\u0161patnou tmu\u201c. M\u00edsto toho zd\u016fraz\u0148uje rovnov\u00e1hu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Den a noc, bd\u011bn\u00ed a sp\u00e1nek, aktivita a klid \u2013 v\u0161echny tyto cykly jsou zalo\u017een\u00e9 na st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011btla a tmy. Jeden bez druh\u00e9ho ztr\u00e1c\u00ed smysl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Mo\u017en\u00e1 tedy nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f na ot\u00e1zku, zda sv\u011btlo rozpou\u0161t\u00ed tmu, nebo tma sv\u011btlo, zn\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Ani jedno nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b pravda \u2013 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 oboj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Sv\u011btlo m\u016f\u017ee tmu rozpt\u00fdlit, ale tma d\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u011btlu prostor zaz\u00e1\u0159it. Nejde o boj, ale o vztah. O dynamiku, kter\u00e1 je z\u00e1kladem nejen p\u0159\u00edrody, ale i na\u0161eho vnit\u0159n\u00edho sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Zdroje informac\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        V\u011bdeck\u00e9 a popul\u00e1rn\u011b-nau\u010dn\u00e9 zdroje<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • A Brief History of Time \u2013 Stephen Hawking
          P\u0159\u00edstupn\u011b vysv\u011btluje povahu vesm\u00edru, \u010dasu i sv\u011btla a tmy z pohledu modern\u00ed fyziky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • The Elegant Universe \u2013 Brian Greene
          Propojuje fyziku s hlub\u0161\u00edmi ot\u00e1zkami reality, v\u010detn\u011b podstaty energie a prostoru.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Cosmos \u2013 Carl Sagan
          Poetick\u00fd i v\u011bdeck\u00fd pohled na vesm\u00edr, kde sv\u011btlo hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v na\u0161em pozn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Filozofie a symbolika<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • Tao Te Ching \u2013 Laozi
            U\u010den\u00ed o rovnov\u00e1ze protiklad\u016f (jin a jang), kde sv\u011btlo a tma nejsou nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9, ale dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed se principy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Man and His Symbols \u2013 Carl Jung
            Zab\u00fdv\u00e1 se nev\u011bdom\u00edm (\u010dasto symbolizovan\u00fdm tmou) a jeho vztahem k v\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • The Republic \u2013 Plato
            Slavn\u00e1 alegorie jeskyn\u011b pracuje se sv\u011btlem jako symbolem pravdy a pozn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            Spiritu\u00e1ln\u00ed a existenci\u00e1ln\u00ed pohledy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • The Power of Now \u2013 Eckhart Tolle
              P\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pohled na v\u011bdom\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edtomnost, kde \u201esv\u011btlo\u201c m\u016f\u017ee symbolizovat bd\u011blost.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • The Dark Night of the Soul \u2013 John of the Cross
              Popisuje temnotu jako d\u016fle\u017eitou f\u00e1zi duchovn\u00edho r\u016fstu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Na prvn\u00ed pohled se zd\u00e1, \u017ee odpov\u011b\u010f je jednoduch\u00e1: sv\u011btlo v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed nad tmou. Sta\u010d\u00ed rozsv\u00edtit lampu v temn\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti a tma zmiz\u00ed. Fyzika n\u00e1m \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee tma nen\u00ed samostatn\u00e1 \u201es\u00edla\u201c, ale pouh\u00e1 nep\u0159\u00edtomnost sv\u011btla. V tomto smyslu tedy sv\u011btlo tmu skute\u010dn\u011b \u201erozpou\u0161t\u00ed\u201c. Jen\u017ee tento pohled je jen jednou vrstvou reality. “ Je lep\u0161\u00ed zap\u00e1lit sv\u00ed\u010dku, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":5890,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,6],"tags":[548,587,585,586,488],"class_list":["post-5889","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-stinova-prace-a-vnitrni-transformace","category-vesmirna-moudrost-a-filozofie-zivota","tag-filozofie","tag-rovnovaha","tag-svetlo","tag-tma","tag-vedomi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5889","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5889"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5889\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5891,"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5889\/revisions\/5891"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5890"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5889"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5889"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d.r4.wbsprt.com\/mojesebepoznani.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}